In the hallowed halls of the U.S. Capitol, a quiet revolution is unfolding. Statuary Hall, conceived during the tumultuous days of the Civil War, has become the latest battleground in America’s ongoing struggle to define its history and heroes. For over a century, Statuary Hall stood as a testament to the power of the “Lost Cause” narrative. Confederate leaders like Jefferson Davis and Robert E. Lee stood shoulder-to-shoulder with Union heroes, a visual representation of a deeply conflicted national memory.
The 21st century has ushered in a dramatic shift. As the nation grapples with its complex past, states are reconsidering their choices for representation in this prestigious gallery:
Helen Keller replaced Confederate Jabez Curry in 2009, marking the first such change.
Virginia bid farewell to Robert E. Lee in 2021, making way for civil rights pioneer Barbara Johns.
Florida swapped Confederate general Edmund Kirby Smith for Black education leader Mary McLeod Bethune in 2022.
North Carolina chose evangelist Billy Graham to replace segregationist Charles Aycock in 2024.
Arkansas embraced diversity by honoring civil rights activist Daisy Bates and music legend Johnny Cash in 2024.
Gene Schmiel will guide us through the fascinating and often contentious process of re-imagining America’s pantheon of heroes. Join us as we unravel this compelling story of how America is actively redefining its heroes and confronting its complex past, one statue at a time.


LLI Coordinator: David Pace